يرد إسم الملك الضحاك (الظحاك بلهجة عربية)
في الأساطير الفارسية كشخص شرير[i].
المهم أنه قضى على طول العمر والصحة في
الملك السابق له[ii].
والغريبة أنه أصيب بشئ أوو مس أو مرض عقلي
يتغذى على عقول شابين[iii].
هل هناك تورية بخصوص دمنشيا؟
لا ندري
The Tale of Zahhak Abolqasem Ferdowsi was born in a
village near the town of Tus in the Khorasan Province of the Persian empire in
940. He devoted most of his adult life to composing his epic masterpiece, the
Book of Kings (Shahnameh) between 980 and 1010. He is commonly called by
Iranians Ferdowsie Tusi (Ferdowsi of Tus). The story of Zahhak begins with
that of Jamshid, a legendary king who had led Iran magnanimously for seven
hundred years and brought about peace and justice, civilization, sanitation and
health, arts and splendor, joy and prosperity, by the grace of God during his
reign. But his success eventually led to pride and arrogance. He thus demanded
to be recognized not only as the ruler of the world, but its creator. The
arrogance marked his downfall as God withdrew the farr, or divenly granted
royal grace, fortune, and wisdom, granted to Jamshid. Jamshid’s fortune
declined until Zahhak appeared. Zahhak was deceived by Ahriman (Satan) to kill
his father Merdas, an Arab nobleman, to acquire his fortune and power. Ahriman
assisted by digging a pit and covering it with leaves and branches in the
garden where Merdes took a walk and prayed at dawn every morning. Merdes fell
in the pit and died. Zahhak became the ruler. Ahriman appeared as a cook and
presented Zahhak, the new ruler, for three days with marvelous spreads of
delicious, colorful dishes made of birds and animals. On the fourth day, Zahhak,
pleased with the cook, told him to ask for anything he desired. Having waited
for the opportunity, Ahriman replied that he wished nothing but Zahhak’s
happiness, and would be overjoyed if he was allowed to kiss the king’s
shoulders. Permission granted, Ahriman kissed Zahhak’s shoulders and
disappeared. Two black snakes appeared where Ahriman’s lips had touched. The
snakes could not be removed, as new ones would replace them as soon as they
were cut off. All physicians and healers in the realm proved powerless to deal
with the snakes. Ahriman appeared in court as a skilled physician and
prescribed a young human brain to be fed daily to each snake to keep Zahhak
safe from them. Ahriman, hateful of human happiness, had prescribed murdering
all mankind. At the time that Jamshid lost his divine farr, Zahhak took the
opportunity to attack Iran. Jamshid was defeated, escaped, and remained in
hiding for a hundred years. He was finally caught and on Zahhak’s order cut in
half. Zahhak claimed Jamshid’s throne. He ruled as an evil tyrant for years and
killed many innocent young people to satisfy the snakes. One night he dreamed
that three warriors attacked, bound, and dragged him to Mount Damavand near
Tehran as a cheering crowd followed. The dream terrified Zahhak and he
consulted many wise men and dream interpreters. A brave one finally interpreted
that Zahhak’s days were numbered, and a new king, Feraydun, would overthrow
him. In the meantime, Kaveh the blacksmith marched into Zahhak’s palace one day
to protest loudly the arrest of his eighth son to be killed as were the
previous seven to satisfy the demonic snakes. Taken aback at Kaveh’s
fearlessness, Zahhak ordered Kaveh’s son be released, but asked Kaveh to
recognize the king’s royal generosity, justice, and benevolence by signing a
document already signed by the leaders of the land. Kaveh tore up the document
in rage upon reading it and scolded the stunned cowardly courtiers serving a
demonic tyrant. Kaveh stormed out of the court with his son, hoisted his
leather apron on a lance, and called upon people to join together to remove the
tyrant. People listened and thus began Kaveh’s revolution, and his apron became
the legendary national banner (Drafshe Kaviani). A brave young man named
Feraydun whose father had been killed by Zahhak, a descendant of the Persian
King Tahmures, had already risen to avenge his father. Kaveh, his son, and his
followers joined the noble young man as their king, as they recognized the sunlike
splendor of divine farr in him. They rode for days and crossed Arvand Rude
(Arvand River, now between Iran and Iraq, flowing into the Persian Gulf) to
reach Zahhak’s capital. They conquered the town and the palace and freed
prisoners, but Zahhak and his army were away. When informed that his palace had
been occupied, Zahhak and his great army rode to the capital, but were attacked
by inhabitants from all corners. He was finally subdued by a blow to the head
by Fareydun, with Kaveh and his son beside him (as Zahhak had dreamed, that
three men would arrest him as the youngest delivers him the immobilizing blow).
He was bound and taken to a cave under Mount Damavand, where he was imprisoned
in chains. Fareydun thereafter proceeded to erase all traces of Zahhak’s
tyranny. By Fariborz Mokhtari, author, In the Lion's Shadow: The Iranian
Schindler and His Homeland in the Second World War
The Story of Zahhak
Retold by Rebecca Cann
Illustrations by Pary Shahsamandi
The story of Zahhak originates in the Avesta. But in
the tenth century AD, the famous Iranian poet, Ferdowsi
retold this story in his famous book named Shahnameh
(Book of Kings).
Here is the summary of Ferdowsi’s story with
illustrations by Pary Shahsamandi:
Many years ago, there lived an Arab ruler names Mardash
who had a son with the name of Zahhak.
Zahhak was a really nice person until Ahriman, the Evil
Spirit, persuaded him to kill his father.
After Mardash’s death, Zahhak became ruler. Ahriman
once again appeared to him as a cook and made delicious meals for him. Zahhak
asked Ahriman what he wants as his prize for the wonderful meals he had
prepared. Ahriman just asked Zahhak to kiss his shoulders. After Ahriman kissed
Zahhak’s shoulders, he disappeard. But suddenly two vicious black snakes grew
from Zahhak’s shoulders.
Zahhak was terrified and didn't know what to do with
the snakes. Ahriman once again appeared to him as a physician.
He told Zahhak that the only way to control the snakes
is to feed them human brain every day otherwise the snakes would eat Zahhak
himself.
So Zahhak started killing young men and feeding their
brains to the evil snakes. Meanwhile, he decided to wage a war against Jamshid,
the ruler of the world. Zahhak gathered a huge army and defeated Jamashid in a
fierce battle. After killing Jamshid, Zahhak became the ruler of the world and
took Jamshid’s daughters, Arnavaz and Shahrnavaz as his slaves.
Zahhak forgave Kaveh’s last son but asked Kaveh to sign
an agreement telling everyone how righteous and forgiving he was.Kaveh knew
Zahhak was lying so he refused to sign his letter. Instead he tore it up to
pieces, ran out of the royal court, and raised his blacksmith apron as a
standard of rebellion. He called on everyone to support him in finding
Feryadoun. People named Kaveh’s apron Darafsh e Kaviani which mean's Kaveh's
flag (banner).
Many people followed Kaveh to the Alborz Mountains to
help him find Feryadoun. After much searching, they found the young Feryadoun
who agreed to destroy Zahhak. In a battle, Feryadoun captured Zahhak and
imprisoned him in a cave in Mount Damavand. He then freed Jamshid’s two
daughters and brought freedom and happiness to Iran.
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